Piston connecting rod: purpose, design, main malfunctions

The connecting rod works on the principle of pedals in a bicycle, only the piston rod in cylinder plays the role of the legs in the engine. Depending on the modification of the motor, the crank mechanism has as many connecting rods as there are cylinders in the engine.
Rod locking pneumatic cylinders, such as Parker's P1F Series of ISO cylinders, have been designed to hold loads safely in position in a situation where the compressed air supply fails. The rod locking feature is a mechanical function provided by a cartridge through which the piston rod passes and is mounted transversally in the rod lock unit of the cylinder.
Automotive metal stamping is a $40 billion industry today, employing more than 115,000 metal stampers at more than 700 metal stamping companies and automotive stamping plants in the United States. Sheet metal sub-assemblies have become a critical peripheral of the automotive industry, stamping parts and sheet metal components for multiple plants and varied products.The car camshaft uses lobes (called cams) that push against the valves to open them as the camshaft rotates; springs on the valves return them to their closed position. This is a critical job, and can have a great impact on an engine's performance at different speeds.In automotive and truck applications, forging parts are commonly found at points of shock and stress. Cars and trucks may contain more than 250 forgings, most of which are produced from carbon or alloy steel.